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Bhagvad Gita Chapter-15

Chapter 15 is known as the Purushottam Yog or The Yog Of The Supreme Purusha, and it is divided into 20 verses. Krushna discloses the secret meaning of the term ‘ultimate person’ in this chapter followed by an explanation of the material world and the power of nonattachment.

Krushna starts with an example of a tree. He compares the field of agony with the tree where branches feed upon all three Gunas and roots on the action. Then, he represents leaves as Vedic hymns and suggests Arjun to seek the supreme lord after cutting down this tree with a sharp weapon of detachment.

Here, Krushna reveals that the supreme person mentioned in all scriptures is no one but him. And all souls are eternal fragments of him in this perishable world.

Chapter 15 of the Bhagavad Gita, titled “Purushottama Yoga,” delves into the nature of the Supreme Person (Purushottam) and provides profound insights into the relationship between the individual soul (jivatm) and the Supreme Soul (Paramatma. With 20 verses, this chapter elucidates the concepts of the eternal spiritual world, the material universe, and the importance of cultivating detachment from material attachments.

Key Themes and Concepts

  1. The Eternal Ashvattha Tree (Verses 1-4):
    • Krushna begins by describing a cosmic tree, the Ashvattha tree, with its roots above and branches below, representing the material universe.
    • The leaves of this tree are the Vedic hymns, and Krishna is the ultimate knower of the Vedas.
  2. The Supreme Person (Verses 5-7):
    • Krushna reveals Himself as the Supreme Person (Purushottam) who sustains both the material and spiritual worlds.
    • He explains that the individual souls (jivatms) are eternal parts of Him and are bound in the material world due to their attachment to material desires.
  3. The Path to Liberation (Verses 8-11):
    • By understanding and realizing Krushna as the Supreme Person beyond the material world, one can attain liberation (moksh).
    • Detachment from material desires and attachment to Krushna through devotion (bhakti) is the key to breaking free from the cycle of birth and death (samsar).
  4. The Glory of the Supreme Person (Verses 12-15):
    • Krushna describes His transcendental form as the Supreme Soul (Paramatm) residing within the hearts of all living beings.
    • He illuminates the consciousness of all beings and is the ultimate goal of all spiritual paths.
  5. The Importance of Surrender (Verses 16-20):
    • Krushna urges Arjuna to surrender completely to Him, recognizing Him as the ultimate goal and refuge.
    • He emphasizes that those who understand His supreme nature and surrender to Him attain eternal peace and liberation from the material world.

Summary

Chapter 15 of the Bhagavad Gita, Purushottam Yoga, provides profound teachings on the nature of the Supreme Person (Purushottam) and the eternal spiritual reality beyond the material universe. Through the metaphor of the Ashvattha tree, Krishna illustrates the cosmic order and our place within it as eternal souls. By understanding Krushna as the Supreme Soul and cultivating devotion to Him, individuals can transcend material attachments and attain liberation. The chapter underscores the path of surrender and devotion (bhakti) as the means to realize one’s eternal connection with the Supreme and achieve ultimate spiritual fulfillment.

 


 

।। अथ पञ्चदशोऽध्यायः ।।

श्रीभगवानुवाच ।

ऊर्ध्वमूलमधःशाखमश्वत्थं प्राहुरव्ययम् ।
छन्दांसि यस्य पर्णानि यस्तं वेद स वेदवित् ॥ १५-१ ॥

अधश्चोर्ध्वं प्रसृतास्तस्य शाखा गुणप्रवृद्धा विषयप्रवालाः ।
अधश्च मूलान्यनुसन्ततानि कर्मानुबन्धीनि मनुष्यलोके ॥ १५-२ ॥

न रूपमस्येह तथोपलभ्यते नान्तो न चादिर्न च सम्प्रतिष्ठा ।
अश्वत्थमेनं सुविरूढमूलं असङ्गशस्त्रेण दृढेन छित्त्वा ॥ १५-३ ॥

ततः पदं तत्परिमार्गितव्यं यस्मिन्गता न निवर्तन्ति भूयः ।
तमेव चाद्यं पुरुषं प्रपद्ये । यतः प्रवृत्तिः प्रसृता पुराणी ॥ १५-४ ॥

निर्मानमोहा जितसङ्गदोषा अध्यात्मनित्या विनिवृत्तकामाः ।
द्वन्द्वैर्विमुक्ताः सुखदुःखसंज्ञैर्गच्छन्त्यमूढाः पदमव्ययं तत् ॥ १५-५ ॥

न तद्भासयते सूर्यो न शशाङ्को न पावकः ।
यद्गत्वा न निवर्तन्ते तद्धाम परमं मम ॥ १५-६ ॥

ममैवांशो जीवलोके जीवभूतः सनातनः ।
मनःषष्ठानीन्द्रियाणि प्रकृतिस्थानि कर्षति ॥ १५-७ ॥

शरीरं यदवाप्नोति यच्चाप्युत्क्रामतीश्वरः ।
गृहीत्वैतानि संयाति वायुर्गन्धानिवाशयात् ॥ १५-८ ॥

श्रोत्रं चक्षुः स्पर्शनं च रसनं घ्राणमेव च ।
अधिष्ठाय मनश्चायं विषयानुपसेवते ॥ १५-९ ॥

उत्क्रामन्तं स्थितं वापि भुञ्जानं वा गुणान्वितम् ।
विमूढा नानुपश्यन्ति पश्यन्ति ज्ञानचक्षुषः ॥ १५-१० ॥

यतन्तो योगिनश्चैनं पश्यन्त्यात्मन्यवस्थितम् ।
यतन्तोऽप्यकृतात्मानो नैनं पश्यन्त्यचेतसः ॥ १५-११ ॥

यदादित्यगतं तेजो जगद्भासयतेऽखिलम् ।
यच्चन्द्रमसि यच्चाग्नौ तत्तेजो विद्धि मामकम् ॥ १५-१२ ॥

गामाविश्य च भूतानि धारयाम्यहमोजसा ।
पुष्णामि चौषधीः सर्वाः सोमो भूत्वा रसात्मकः ॥ १५-१३ ॥

अहं वैश्वानरो भूत्वा प्राणिनां देहमाश्रितः ।
प्राणापानसमायुक्तः पचाम्यन्नं चतुर्विधम् ॥ १५-१४ ॥

सर्वस्य चाहं हृदि सन्निविष्टो मत्तः स्मृतिर्ज्ञानमपोहनञ्च ।
वेदैश्च सर्वैरहमेव वेद्यो वेदान्तकृद्वेदविदेव चाहम् ॥ १५-१५ ॥

द्वाविमौ पुरुषौ लोके क्षरश्चाक्षर एव च ।
क्षरः सर्वाणि भूतानि कूटस्थोऽक्षर उच्यते ॥ १५-१६ ॥

उत्तमः पुरुषस्त्वन्यः परमात्मेत्युदाहृतः ।
यो लोकत्रयमाविश्य बिभर्त्यव्यय ईश्वरः ॥ १५-१७ ॥

यस्मात्क्षरमतीतोऽहमक्षरादपि चोत्तमः ।
अतोऽस्मि लोके वेदे च प्रथितः पुरुषोत्तमः ॥ १५-१८ ॥

यो मामेवमसम्मूढो जानाति पुरुषोत्तमम् ।
स सर्वविद्भजति मां सर्वभावेन भारत ॥ १५-१९ ॥

इति गुह्यतमं शास्त्रमिदमुक्तं मयानघ ।
एतद्बुद्ध्वा बुद्धिमान्स्यात्कृतकृत्यश्च भारत ॥ १५-२० ॥

ॐ तत्सदिति श्रीमद्भगवद्गीतासूपनिषत्सु
ब्रह्मविद्यायां योगशास्त्रे श्रीकृष्णार्जुन संवादे
पुरुषोत्तमयोगो नाम पञ्चदशोऽध्यायः ॥ १५ ॥

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