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Bhagvad Gita Chapter-08

Bhagvad Gita – Chapter 8 – Akshar Brahma Yog. After understanding of the special knowledge from Chapter 7, this chapter continues the discussion of who I really am? Who is the governor of the body and the soul. Connection between the self and the ‘brahman’ is revealed here.

This chapter delves deeper into the nature of the self (Atman), the imperishable Brahman, and the relationship between the individual soul and the Supreme Being.

Context:

Following the teachings of Chapter 7, which focus on knowledge of the ultimate truth and the nature of divinity, Arjun seeks to understand more about the self, the Supreme Being, and what happens to the soul after death.

Key Topics Discussed:

  1. Arjun’s Questions:
    • Arjun asks Krushna about the nature of Brahman (the Absolute), the self, karma (action), and the purpose of life. He also inquires about the process of remembering Krushna at the time of death.
  2. Krushna’s Answers:
    • Brahman: Krushna explains that Brahman is the supreme, imperishable reality, beyond all dualities and changes.
    • Adhyatm (Individual Soul): The individual soul, or the true self, is the innermost essence that resides in the body and is part of Brahman.
    • Karma: Actions performed by individuals according to their duties and responsibilities.
    • Adhibhuta (Material Manifestation): All perishable entities in the material world.
    • Adhidaiva (Divine Aspect): The cosmic spirit or divine consciousness that pervades the universe.
    • Adhiyajna (Supreme Sacrifice): Krishna himself, who resides in the heart of every being and is the recipient of all sacrifices.
  3. The Moment of Death:
    • Krushna emphasizes the importance of the thoughts and state of mind at the time of death. He explains that those who remember him at the time of death attain his divine abode.
    • He describes various paths taken by souls after death, depending on their spiritual awareness and the nature of their actions.
  4. Attaining the Supreme:
    • Krushna reveals that unwavering devotion and constant remembrance of him lead to liberation (moksha).
    • He describes the “path of light” (uttara marga) and the “path of darkness” (dakshina marga), where the former leads to liberation and the latter to rebirth.
  5. Eternal Nature of the Soul:
    • The soul is eternal, indestructible, and transcends the physical body.
    • Krushna explains that true knowledge of the self involves understanding its imperishable nature and its unity with Brahman.
  6. Practice of Yoga:
    • Krushna advises the practice of yoga and meditation, focusing on him with a disciplined mind, to attain spiritual realization and eternal peace.

Conclusion:

Chapter 8 of the Bhagavad Gita provides profound insights into the nature of the self, the Supreme Being, and the cosmic order. It underscores the importance of living a life of righteousness and devotion, with a focus on the ultimate reality (Brahman). The chapter emphasizes that liberation is achieved through knowledge, devotion, and the remembrance of the divine, especially at the time of death.

This chapter deepens the understanding of the interconnectedness between the individual soul and the universal consciousness, encouraging seekers to align their lives with the eternal truths and pursue the path of spiritual enlightenment.

 


 

।। अथ अष्टमोऽध्यायः ।।

अर्जुन उवाच ।

किं तद् ब्रह्म किमध्यात्मं किं कर्म पुरुषोत्तम ।
अधिभूतं च किं प्रोक्तमधिदैवं किमुच्यते ॥ ८-१ ॥

अधियज्ञः कथं कोऽत्र देहेऽस्मिन्मधुसूदन ।
प्रयाणकाले च कथं ज्ञेयोऽसि नियतात्मभिः ॥ ८-२ ॥

श्रीभगवानुवाच ।

अक्षरं ब्रह्म परमं स्वभावोऽध्यात्ममुच्यते ।
भूतभावोद्भवकरो विसर्गः कर्मसंज्ञितः ॥ ८-३ ॥

अधिभूतं क्षरो भावः पुरुषश्चाधिदैवतम् ।
अधियज्ञोऽहमेवात्र देहे देहभृतां वर ॥ ८-४ ॥

अन्तकाले च मामेव स्मरन्मुक्त्वा कलेवरम् ।
यः प्रयाति स मद्भावं याति नास्त्यत्र संशयः ॥ ८-५ ॥

यं यं वापि स्मरन्भावं त्यजत्यन्ते कलेवरम् ।
तं तमेवैति कौन्तेय सदा तद्भावभावितः ॥ ८-६ ॥

तस्मात्सर्वेषु कालेषु मामनुस्मर युध्य च ।
मय्यर्पितमनोबुद्धिर्मामेवैष्यस्यसंशयः ॥ ८-७ ॥ or संशयम्

अभ्यासयोगयुक्तेन चेतसा नान्यगामिना ।
परमं पुरुषं दिव्यं याति पार्थानुचिन्तयन् ॥ ८-८ ॥

कविं पुराणमनुशासितारं अणोरणीयंसमनुस्मरेद्यः ।
सर्वस्य धातारमचिन्त्यरूपं आदित्यवर्णं तमसः परस्तात् ॥ ८-९ ॥

प्रयाणकाले मनसाऽचलेन भक्त्या युक्तो योगबलेन चैव ।
भ्रुवोर्मध्ये प्राणमावेश्य सम्यक् स तं परं पुरुषमुपैति दिव्यम् ॥ ८-१० ॥

यदक्षरं वेदविदो वदन्ति विशन्ति यद्यतयो वीतरागाः ।
यदिच्छन्तो ब्रह्मचर्यं चरन्ति तत्ते पदं संग्रहेण प्रवक्ष्ये ॥ ८-११ ॥

सर्वद्वाराणि संयम्य मनो हृदि निरुध्य च ।
मूर्ध्न्याधायात्मनः प्राणमास्थितो योगधारणाम् ॥ ८-१२ ॥

ओमित्येकाक्षरं ब्रह्म व्याहरन्मामनुस्मरन् ।
यः प्रयाति त्यजन्देहं स याति परमां गतिम् ॥ ८-१३ ॥

अनन्यचेताः सततं यो मां स्मरति नित्यशः ।
तस्याहं सुलभः पार्थ नित्ययुक्तस्य योगिनः ॥ ८-१४ ॥

मामुपेत्य पुनर्जन्म दुःखालयमशाश्वतम् ।
नाप्नुवन्ति महात्मानः संसिद्धिं परमां गताः ॥ ८-१५ ॥

आब्रह्मभुवनाल्लोकाः पुनरावर्तिनोऽर्जुन ।
मामुपेत्य तु कौन्तेय पुनर्जन्म न विद्यते ॥ ८-१६ ॥

सहस्रयुगपर्यन्तमहर्यद् ब्रह्मणो विदुः ।
रात्रिं युगसहस्रान्तां तेऽहोरात्रविदो जनाः ॥ ८-१७ ॥

अव्यक्ताद् व्यक्तयः सर्वाः प्रभवन्त्यहरागमे ।
रात्र्यागमे प्रलीयन्ते तत्रैवाव्यक्तसंज्ञके ॥ ८-१८ ॥

भूतग्रामः स एवायं भूत्वा भूत्वा प्रलीयते ।
रात्र्यागमेऽवशः पार्थ प्रभवत्यहरागमे ॥ ८-१९ ॥

परस्तस्मात्तु भावोऽन्योऽव्यक्तोऽव्यक्तात्सनातनः ।
यः स सर्वेषु भूतेषु नश्यत्सु न विनश्यति ॥ ८-२० ॥

अव्यक्तोऽक्षर इत्युक्तस्तमाहुः परमां गतिम् ।
यं प्राप्य न निवर्तन्ते तद्धाम परमं मम ॥ ८-२१ ॥

पुरुषः स परः पार्थ भक्त्या लभ्यस्त्वनन्यया ।
यस्यान्तःस्थानि भूतानि येन सर्वमिदं ततम् ॥ ८-२२ ॥

यत्र काले त्वनावृत्तिमावृत्तिं चैव योगिनः ।
प्रयाता यान्ति तं कालं वक्ष्यामि भरतर्षभ ॥ ८-२३ ॥

अग्निर्ज्योतिरहः शुक्लः षण्मासा उत्तरायणम् ।
तत्र प्रयाता गच्छन्ति ब्रह्म ब्रह्मविदो जनाः ॥ ८-२४ ॥

धूमो रात्रिस्तथा कृष्णः षण्मासा दक्षिणायनम् ।
तत्र चान्द्रमसं ज्योतिर्योगी प्राप्य निवर्तते ॥ ८-२५ ॥

शुक्लकृष्णे गती ह्येते जगतः शाश्वते मते ।
एकया यात्यनावृत्तिमन्ययावर्तते पुनः ॥ ८-२६ ॥

नैते सृती पार्थ जानन्योगी मुह्यति कश्चन ।
तस्मात्सर्वेषु कालेषु योगयुक्तो भवार्जुन ॥ ८-२७ ॥

वेदेषु यज्ञेषु तपःसु चैव दानेषु यत्पुण्यफलं प्रदिष्टम् ।
अत्येति तत्सर्वमिदं विदित्वा योगी परं स्थानमुपैति चाद्यम् ॥ ८-२८ ॥

ॐ तत्सदिति श्रीमद्भगवद्गीतासूपनिषत्सु
ब्रह्मविद्यायां योगशास्त्रे श्रीकृष्णार्जुनसंवादे
अक्षरब्रह्मयोगो नामाष्टमोऽध्यायः ॥ ८ ॥

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